The 
                      Three Wives of Superman
                    In celebration of Valentine's Day, let's look at Superman's 
                      happy marriage to the woman of his dreams in Lois Lane 
                      #51 (Aug. 1964).
                    Um...except that it's not one but three marriages. To three 
                      women. And they all end in tragedy. But this is no time 
                      to be nit-picky, not with love in the air.
                    We begin at the Daily Planet, where Lois Lane 
                      barges on a meeting between Superman and 
                      Perry White to ask the Man of Steel to 
                      marry her. "Have you no pride," asks 
                      Superman, "proposing to me?"
                    Lois answers that she's waited for years for him 
                      to propose, but now that it's leap year, it's her 
                      turn to ask. Good thing, too, as it turns out the only thing 
                      keeping Superman from proposing long ago was a lack of initiative.
                    
                    Superman says "since you're brave enough to face the 
                      risks, I'd be proud to have you for my bride!" (Was 
                      that ever the issue? I thought she was always willing to 
                      risk it, it's just that he wasn't).
                    The wedding is broadcast via satellite, with Jimmy 
                      Olsen as best man and Lana Lang 
                      a dejected bridesmaid. The happy newlyweds settle in at 
                      the Fortress of Solitude (it always needed a woman's touch, 
                      anyway) and begin a blissful union.
                    
                    When Lois visits Metropolis, however, she learns the downside 
                      of being Mrs. Superman as crooks make repeated attempts 
                      on her life. Superman redoubles his efforts to find a way 
                      to protect her and soon comes up with a serum that gives 
                      her invulnerability, super-strength and other powers, albeit 
                      only for a few months at a time.
                    
                    Lois still wants the rest of Superman's powers and works 
                      on a serum for super vision, but Superman forbids her to 
                      play around in his laboratory, as there are many dangers 
                      there she may not be invulnerable to.
                    When the super-serum wears off, Lois experiences terrible 
                      pains and senses something is very wrong. Shrinking herself 
                      and entering the bottle city of Kandor, she seeks the advice 
                      of a Kryptonian physician, and learns a side-effect of the 
                      super-serum will kill her in about eight days. She swears 
                      the doctor to secrecy, knowing Superman would never forgive 
                      himself if he learned his "blunder" led to Lois' 
                      death.
                    Lois puts a brave face on things and acts like all is normal, 
                      but in her private moments she records her true thoughts 
                      in a journal she plans to destroy. On her last day of life, 
                      she makes it appear she's accidentally killed herself by 
                      tampering with chemicals in Superman's lab, and as she expires 
                      her last thoughts are of her true love.
                    
                    Heartbroken, Superman declares he's quitting Earth forever 
                      and leaving Supergirl to carry on for him. Some time later, 
                      however, he locates Lois' secret diary and learns she was 
                      really killed by his serum. "She must have pretended 
                      her own experiment destroyed her," he correctly guesses, 
                      "because she wanted to spare me any feelings of guilt!"
                    On the basis of this revelation, Superman decides Lois 
                      would have wanted him to continue his career, so that's 
                      what he does. Personally, I think it's just as likely he'd 
                      have been so wracked by guilt over his mistake that he'd 
                      be even more convinced to leave Earth, but then the story 
                      would be over, wouldn't it?
                    At the same time Superman comes out of retirement, Lex 
                      Luthor gives up his life of crime, giving the world 
                      an "astounding cure for heart disease." In an 
                      interview with Lana Lang, he reveals all he wants in life 
                      now is to settle down with a wife and kids, and Lana feels 
                      the first pangs of attraction to the former criminal mastermind. 
                      After a few dates, she accepts his proposal of marriage, 
                      having taken Superman at his word that he'll never marry 
                      again.
                    At the wedding, the minister delivers the usual "speak 
                      now, or forever hold your peace" line, and Superman 
                      shocks everyone by yelling, "Stop the wedding!"
                    
                    Lana accepts Superman's proposal and the ceremony continues...only 
                      with a new groom! Not too surprisingly Luthor -- who never 
                      was very good at letting this sort of thing slide -- vows 
                      he's going back to crime and making it a priority to revenge 
                      himself on the both of them. For now, though, he leaves 
                      Earth to become a space-pirate.
                    After the wedding, Superman reveals his Clark Kent identity 
                      to Lana, who has a question for him.
                    
                    Nice try, Clark, but the seeds have been sown. Mere hours 
                      after the wedding, and the green-eyed monster has already 
                      reared its ugly head. As the days and weeks wear on, Lana's 
                      imagination runs away with her, making her more and more 
                      convinced Superman is still hung up on first wife Lois. 
                      A low point comes when they visit Kandor and Superman is 
                      greeted with a kiss on the lips from Sylvia, 
                      Lois' Kandorian lookalike and wife to Superman's lookalike 
                      Van-Zee. With this mental image working 
                      on her brain, Lana snoops around the Fortress for evidence 
                      to support her paranoia and comes across a safe in Superman's 
                      lab. Opening it, she finds photos of Lois and gasps, "The 
                      skunk! While pretending to love me more than anything in 
                      the Universe, he sneaks in here and moons over these photographs 
                      of her!"
                    Determined not to play second fiddle to a dead woman, Lana 
                      takes a spaceship from the Fortress and runs away. Unfortunately 
                      she comes within range of Luthor's other-worldly base and 
                      is caught by his tractor beam. He reveals his plans to destroy 
                      Superman with Gold Kryptonite fired from his "Astro-Cannon," 
                      and sure enough Superman soon comes along looking for his 
                      missing wife. Lana, desperate to save her husband, blunders 
                      into a death trap:
                    
                    Bonus points to Lex for putting the "mean face" 
                      on the death ray projector, with the ray coming out of its 
                      "mouth" like a lethal case of halitosis. Points 
                      off, however, for wearing those "prison grays" 
                      even when he's no longer a convict, or even living on Earth.
                    Lana succeeds in deflecting the Gold-K, but lies mortally 
                      wounded. Superman returns her to Earth but is unable to 
                      save her life. When he asks why she left in the first place, 
                      Lana tells him about the pictures in the safe, and gets 
                      a final shock.
                    
                    D'Oh! And so Lana dies for nothing. But trust me, Superman, 
                      it's just as well. If she's really so insecure she won't 
                      even let you keep around pictures of your first wife, the 
                      marriage never would have worked, anyway.
                    Another month, another funeral. Meanwhile, Lori 
                      Lemaris, the mermaid is out with her husband Ronal 
                      trying to save whales from hunters when Ronal is fatally 
                      struck by a harpoon. On his deathbed, he reveals his wish 
                      that Lori resume her romance with Superman, if it will bring 
                      her happiness. Having been burned twice already, Superman 
                      is reluctant to endanger Lori's life, but they consult an 
                      Atlantean computer that predicts their marriage will be 
                      "long, happy and unmarred by tragedy." As if to 
                      underscore this forecast, a pair of nearby electric eels 
                      "glow brilliantly" in a way Lori says they only 
                      do "in the presence of two people who are truly in 
                      love!"
                    And here we go again.
                    
                    All is well until one day when Superman is on patrol and 
                      the Phantom Zone villains use their mental powers to compel 
                      Lori to open a box containing an "unknown space element," 
                      the radiations of which leave her dead as a mackerel.
                    Grief-stricken (again), Superman decides he must know why 
                      the computer was wrong in its prediction, and so he feeds 
                      it the same data a second time. This time, it answers "If 
                      you marry, Lori will soon die." Superman realizes that 
                      the electric eels which lit up near the computer the first 
                      time caused it to malfunction and give an incorrect answer. 
                      Double D'Oh!
                    Continuing to experiment with his super-serum, Superman 
                      eventually adds a "Chemical X" which may make 
                      it work correctly. He dares not try it on human subjects, 
                      but when his pet "Metal Eater" escapes from the 
                      Fortress' Interplanetary Zoo, it eats the metal box containing 
                      the serum and gains super-powers. A year later, it's still 
                      alive and super on an alien world, proving the serum is 
                      a success.
                    
                    The reader is asked "which of his three wives do you 
                      think Superman would have saved if he could save only one?" 
                      Kind of a strange way to end a story, and a little on the 
                      hard-hearted side, but as a "puzzle" it's a no-brainer. 
                      Of course he'd save Lois; then there wouldn't have been 
                      a reason for the other two to die, either.
                    The identity of this story's writer seems to have been 
                      lost to time, but the art is unmistakably that of Kurt 
                      Schaffenberger (he removes all doubt by signing 
                      the splash page to Part 2). It's some of his best work ever, 
                      in my opinion, with all three wives looking extremely beautiful 
                      throughout. There's quite a few of his trademark "borderless 
                      panels" with white backgrounds -- two of which I've 
                      included above -- and I'm always a sucker for those. What's 
                      more, Kurt's Superman gets a lot more "screen time" 
                      than usual for a Lois story, and he, too, looks fantastic.
                    Though I neglected to mention it earlier, you can hardly 
                      have failed to guess this one is an "Imaginary Tale." 
                      It racks up an impressive body count by Silver Age standards, 
                      but then girls always did enjoy a good tear-jerker. Actually, 
                      I suppose it serves as proof that comics readers have always 
                      found death a compelling subject in any "age," 
                      albeit for different reasons, and as depicted in very different 
                      ways.
                    And so in the space of one issue, Superman piles up three 
                      dead spouses, a feat that puts even the men of the Ponderosa 
                      to shame. Never let it be said the Man of Steel did anything 
                      in half-measures.
                    So anyway, it's Valentine's Day! Be afraid...be very afraid.